【Nginx】Nginx源码安装

2024-07-08 约 800 字预计阅读 4 分钟 - 次阅读

**⭐️⭐️⭐️ Nginx ** 官网地址：http://nginx.org/

环境说明

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ubuntu@VM-0-12-ubuntu:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
Description:	Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS
Release:	18.04
Codename:	bionic

项目背景

Nginx 一般有3个版本：

Mainline version: 是Nginx目前主力研发的版本。
Stable version: 是最新的稳定版本，主要用在生产环境。
Legacy version: 稳定的老版本。

项目安装

依赖安装

源码编译依赖 **gcc 环境，需要安装 gcc、g++**包。
部分 Nginx 模块依赖 zlib、pcre、openssl库，需要安装。 ⭐️ 以为安装过程需要root权限，所以选择root用户安装。

升级apt-get软件包

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sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade

安装nginx的依赖包

** zlib pcre openssl**（可以源码安装也可以直接系统安装）

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sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g-dev libssl-dev build-essential

下载安装 openssl 源码包

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# 下载
wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.2a.tar.gz
# 解压
sudo tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.2a.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
cd /usr/local/src/openssl-1.0.2a/
# 配置
sudo ./config
# 编译安装
sudo make && sudo make install

下载Nginx源码包

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# 下载版本与地址参考官网：http://nginx.org/en/download.html
wget  http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz
# 解压
sudo tar -zxvf nginx-1.10.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src/
cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.3
# 配置
sudo ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-openssl=/usr/include/openssl
# 编译安装
sudo make && sudo make install 

错误排查

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objs/Makefile:458: recipe for target 'objs/src/core/ngx_murmurhash.o' failed
make[1]: *** [objs/src/core/ngx_murmurhash.o] Error 1
make[1]: Leaving directory '/usr/local/src/nginx-1.10.3'
Makefile:8: recipe for target 'build' failed
make: *** [build] Error 2

⭐️ ⭐️ 将对应的makefile文件夹中（如本文中在 /nginx-1.10.3/objs/Makefile）找到 -Werror 并去掉在重新make即可查了-Werror意思之后发现原来它要求GCC将所有的警告当成错误进行处理所有导致错误输出并不能进行下一步

配置nginx服务

设置个nginx系统服务，可以通过**service nginx {start|stop|restart|status} **操作。同时配置 systemctl 管理 systemctl {start|stop|restart|status} nginx

添加环境变量（软连接）

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 ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/bin/nginx

创建服务脚本

目录： /etc/init.d/nginx

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#! /bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
# Description: Startup script for nginx webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and
# run 'update-rc.d -f nginx defaults', or use the appropriate command on your
# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add nginx'

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nginx
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description:       starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO

# Author:   licess
# website:  http://www.bt.cn

PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
NAME=nginx
NGINX_BIN=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
ulimit -n 8192
case "$1" in
    start)
        echo -n "Starting $NAME... "
		if [ -f $PIDFILE ];then
			mPID=`cat $PIDFILE`
			isStart=`ps ax | awk '{ print $1 }' | grep -e "^${mPID}$"`
			if [ "$isStart" != '' ];then
				echo "$NAME (pid `pidof $NAME`) already running."
				exit 1
			fi
		fi

        $NGINX_BIN -c $CONFIGFILE

        if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
            echo " failed"
            exit 1
        else
            echo " done"
        fi
        ;;

    stop)
        echo -n "Stoping $NAME... "
		if [ -f $PIDFILE ];then
			mPID=`cat $PIDFILE`
			isStart=`ps ax | awk '{ print $1 }' | grep -e "^${mPID}$"`
			if [ "$isStart" = '' ];then
				echo "$NAME is not running."
				exit 1
			fi
		else
			echo "$NAME is not running."
			exit 1
        fi
        $NGINX_BIN -s stop

        if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
            echo " failed. Use force-quit"
            exit 1
        else
            echo " done"
        fi
        ;;

    status)
		if [ -f $PIDFILE ];then
			mPID=`cat $PIDFILE`
			isStart=`ps ax | awk '{ print $1 }' | grep -e "^${mPID}$"`
			if [ "$isStart" != '' ];then
				echo "$NAME (pid `pidof $NAME`) already running."
				exit 1
			else
				echo "$NAME is stopped"
				exit 0
			fi
		else
			echo "$NAME is stopped"
			exit 0
        fi
        ;;
    restart)
        $0 stop
        sleep 1
        $0 start
        ;;

    reload)
        echo -n "Reload service $NAME... "
		if [ -f $PIDFILE ];then
			mPID=`cat $PIDFILE`
			isStart=`ps ax | awk '{ print $1 }' | grep -e "^${mPID}$"`
			if [ "$isStart" != '' ];then
				$NGINX_BIN -s reload
				echo " done"
			else
				echo "$NAME is not running, can't reload."
				exit 1
			fi
		else
			echo "$NAME is not running, can't reload."
			exit 1
		fi
        ;;

    configtest)
        echo -n "Test $NAME configure files... "
        $NGINX_BIN -t
        ;;

    *)
        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status|configtest}"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

重新加载 systemctl 配置

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sudo systemctl daemon-reload

添加开机启动

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sudo systemctl enable nginx

指定用户和用户组

创建用户和用户组

⭐️ 注意：用户要设置为不能登陆

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# 创建用户组
sudo groupadd www-data
# 创建用户，归属 www-data 用户组
sudo useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www-data www-data

修改nginx的用户

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sudo vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

# 修改下面的值
user www-data;

# 保存后reload nginx 即可
sudo systemctl reload nginx